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circumcisions in africa cut aids by 70%


Guest bengalrick

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Guest bengalrick
[url="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/07/06/MNGANDJFVK1.DTL&type=printableL"]click here[/url]

[quote][b]Circumcision may offer Africa AIDS hope [/b]
Procedure linked to much lower rate of new HIV infections

Sabin Russell, Chronicle Medical Writer
  Wednesday, July 6, 2005


French and South African AIDS researchers have called an early halt to a study of adult male circumcision to reduce HIV infection after initial results reportedly showed that men who had the procedure dramatically lowered their risk of contracting the virus.

[b]The study's preliminary results, disclosed Tuesday by the Wall Street Journal, showed that circumcision reduced the risk of contracting HIV by 70 percent -- a level of protection far better than the 30 percent risk reduction set as a target for an AIDS vaccine.[/b]

[b]According to the newspaper account, the study under way in Orange Farm township, South Africa, was stopped because the results were so favorable.[/b] It was deemed unethical to continue the trial after an early peek at data showed that the uncircumcised men were so much more likely to become infected.

All of the men in the study had been followed for a year, and half the men had been followed for the full 21 months called for in the original study design, according to the Wall Street Journal, which obtained a draft copy of the study.

Begun in August 2002, the experiment is one of three closely watched clinical trials in Africa to determine whether there is scientific merit to nearly three dozen less rigorously controlled studies showing that circumcised men were much less likely to become HIV-positive.

The hope is that, lacking a vaccine, the nearly 5 million new HIV infections occurring each year could be slowed by circumcision, the surgical removal of the foreskin -- a simple, low-cost and permanent medical intervention that is a common but controversial cultural practice in much of the world. In Africa, about 70 percent of men are circumcised at birth or during rite-of-passage ceremonies in early puberty.

[b]Medical anthropologists began noticing as early as 1989 that the highest rates of HIV infection in Africa were occurring in regions of the continent where the predominant tribal or religious cultures did not practice circumcision. Adult HIV infection rates above 30 percent are found in Zimbabwe, Botswana, Swaziland and eastern South Africa, where circumcision is not practiced; yet HIV infection rates remain below 5 percent in West Africa and other parts of the continent where circumcision is commonplace.[/b]

[b]Laboratory studies have found that the foreskin is rich in white blood cells, which are favored targets of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.[/b] So the theory is that men who are uncircumcised are much more likely to contract the virus during sex with an infected woman, and that the epidemic spreads when these newly infected men have sex with other women within their network of sexual partners.

The lead investigators of the study, Dr. Bertran Auvert of the University of Paris and Adrian Puren of South Africa's National Institute for Communicable Diseases, are not talking. The results were expected to be discussed at an AIDS conference in Rio de Janeiro in three weeks. But word about the findings has been circulating among researchers searching for ways to slow the epidemic.

[b]"I would be thrilled if it works, but we will also need the results of other trials,'' said Johns Hopkins University epidemiologist Ronald Gray, who is conducting, in Uganda, one of two other controlled clinical trials of male circumcision. [/b]

Gray's trial, which has completed enrollment of 5,000 men in the Rakai district of Uganda, is not scheduled to end until 2007.

A third trial, under way in Kisumu, Kenya, is still enrolling its quota of 2,700 volunteers and is also expected to be completed in 2007, according to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, which is sponsoring it.

All three trials were designed to compare the HIV infection rates of two groups of HIV-negative men, one-half of whom would agree to be circumcised, the other to be offered only counseling on AIDS prevention. The studies were designed to show whether or not circumcision provided a statistically significant protective effect of at least 50 percent.

The South African study -- if the results are confirmed -- suggests that the level of protection afforded is even higher.

Although the apparent protective effect of circumcision has been noted for more than 20 years, doubts linger as to whether circumcision itself is protective, or whether the lower risk may be the result of cultural practices among those who circumcise. HIV rates are low in Muslim communities, for example, which practice male circumcision but also engage in ritual washing before sex and frown on promiscuity.

E-mail Sabin Russell at srussell@sfchronicle.com.[/quote]
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Guest bengalrick

[quote name='BlackJesus' date='Jul 6 2005, 04:16 PM'][i]Not religious..... Not Jewish
But proudly wearing a Trojan Helmet
[/i] ;)
[right][post="111209"][/post][/right][/quote]

[img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons//24.gif[/img] [img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons//20.gif[/img] [img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons//24.gif[/img]

you didn't know you were less susceptible to aids, did ya?

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Guest BlackJesus

[quote]you didn't know you were more susceptible to aids, did ya?[/quote]


[i][b]Less susceptible.... I am circumsized.... that is my trojan helmet..... ;) [/b][/i]

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Guest bengalrick

[quote name='BlackJesus' date='Jul 6 2005, 04:20 PM'][i][b]Less susceptible.... I am circumsized.... that is my trojan helmet.....  ;) [/b][/i]
[right][post="111214"][/post][/right][/quote]

:blush: duh... i guess i'm more susceptible... :(

i knew what the "trojan horse" was, but must have been reading it wrong...

<edit> wait, i am right: "The study's preliminary results, disclosed Tuesday by the Wall Street Journal, showed that [b]circumcision reduced the risk of contracting HIV by 70 percent[/b] -- a level of protection far better than the 30 percent risk reduction set as a target for an AIDS vaccine."

back to my original point B)

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Guest BlackJesus
[quote]i guess i'm more susceptible... [/quote]

[i][b]Bengalrick.... time to get with the times bro......

Chicks don't dig the Pointy snake.... when they can have the General Patton [img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons/<#EMO_DIR#>/3.gif[/img] [/b][/i]

[img]http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/bulge/peopleevents/images/patton.jpg[/img]
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Guest bengalrick

[quote name='BlackJesus' date='Jul 6 2005, 04:24 PM'][i][b]Bengalrick.... time to get with the times bro......

Chicks don't dig the Pointy snake.... when they can have the General Patton  [img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons//3.gif[/img] [/b][/i]
[right][post="111218"][/post][/right][/quote]

kinda hard to put it back on... :lol:












chicks dig the foreskin...

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Guest BlackJesus
[quote]kinda hard to put it back on... 

chicks dig the foreskin...[/quote]



[color="blue"][i][b]BengalRick.... you are confusing the hell out of me now..... if you are circumsized then you have a circular hat... if not then a pointy top....

if you are not circumsized then you still can be.... it wouldn;t be putting anythin on, it would be removing what is there [img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons/<#EMO_DIR#>/23.gif[/img] [/b][/i][/color]
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Guest steggyD
circumcision reduced the risk, reduce meaning make less likely, therefore, if you are circumcised, you are less likely to get HIV, according to this study. Do you get it yet? rick?
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Guest BlackJesus
[i]nws maybe.... it is just a tame drawing though[/i]









[img]http://www.aidsaction.info/images/mshm/mshm29.gif[/img]
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Guest steggyD
[img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons/<#EMO_DIR#>/24.gif[/img]

He referred to the drawings...

[img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons/<#EMO_DIR#>/24.gif[/img] [img]http://forum.go-bengals.com/public/style_emoticons/<#EMO_DIR#>/24.gif[/img]
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Guest BadassBengal
[quote name='BlackJesus' date='Jul 6 2005, 04:31 PM'][i]nws maybe.... it is just a tame drawing though[/i]
[img]http://www.aidsaction.info/images/mshm/mshm29.gif[/img]
[right][post="111223"]<{POST_SNAPBACK}>[/post][/right][/quote]

Ew.


Wait a second......

[b]
I MUST BE CIRCUMSIZED THEN!!!![/b]
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Guest bengalrick
i'm circumsized (foreskin removed)...

therefore, i am less likely to get aids, right? bj is not circumsized (still has the foreskin) therefore, he is more likely...

am i still getting this wrong?

sorry, can't look at the pic until i get home bj...
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Guest BadassBengal
[b]MY PARENTS NEVER TOLD ME THAT THEY HAD AN OPERATION ON MY DICK WHEN I WAS A BABY! THEY COULD HAVE ACCIDENTALLY CUT IT OFF! WHAT THE FUCK!!![/b]
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Guest bengalrick
[quote name='Ben' date='Jul 6 2005, 04:36 PM']How exactly does it reduce the risk?  Are guys cirumsized men more likely to wear condoms?
[right][post="111232"]<{POST_SNAPBACK}>[/post][/right][/quote]

this is what the article says:

"Laboratory studies have found that the foreskin is rich in white blood cells, which are favored targets of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS."
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Guest BlackJesus
[quote]therefore, i am less likely to get aids, right? bj is not circumsized (still has the foreskin) therefore, he is more likely...

am i still getting this wrong?[/quote]

[i][b]Still all wrong... Bengalrick..... babe c'mon work with me here..... I am also circumized... hence we both have general patton helmets and circular tops to our dicks....

We are then both less likely to get aids in Africa....[/b][/i]
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Guest steggyD
[quote name='bengalrick' date='Jul 6 2005, 05:35 PM']i'm circumsized (foreskin removed)...

therefore, i am less likely to get aids, right? bj is not circumsized (still has the foreskin) therefore, he is more likely...

am i still getting this wrong?

sorry, can't look at the pic until i get home bj...
[right][post="111231"]<{POST_SNAPBACK}>[/post][/right][/quote]
I hate to answer this, because it might sound like I know another guy's anatomy (ick). But I'm sure BJ said he's circumsized. Wow, this conversation is totally out of whack.
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Guest steggyD
[quote name='BlackJesus' date='Jul 6 2005, 05:38 PM'][i][b]....We are then both less likely to get aids in Africa....[/b][/i]
[right][post="111235"]<{POST_SNAPBACK}>[/post][/right][/quote]
Does that work on other continents as well?
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Guest BlackJesus

[quote]I hate to answer this, because it might sound like I know another guy's anatomy (ick). But I'm sure BJ said he's circumsized. Wow, this conversation is totally out of whack.[/quote]


[i][b]I feel like I am in 8th grade anatomy.... maybe I need more charts :lol: :huh: [/b][/i]

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[quote name='BadassBengal' date='Jul 6 2005, 09:34 PM']Ew.
Wait a second......

[b]
I MUST BE CIRCUMSIZED THEN!!!![/b]

[right][post="111229"][/post][/right][/quote]

[img]http://www.loverschool.net/female/images/female1.jpg[/img]

Uhhh! not quite :P

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Guest bengalrick
[quote name='BlackJesus' date='Jul 6 2005, 04:38 PM'][i][b]Still all wrong... Bengalrick..... babe c'mon work with me here..... I am also circumized... hence we both have general patton helmets and circular tops to our dicks....

We are then both less likely to get aids in Africa....[/b][/i]
[right][post="111235"]<{POST_SNAPBACK}>[/post][/right][/quote]

ahhhhh... i was confussed on the patton comment, not the rest... don't pay attention to me... carry on...
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Guest BadassBengal

[quote name='Storm' date='Jul 6 2005, 04:40 PM'][img]http://www.loverschool.net/female/images/female1.jpg[/img]

Uhhh!  not quite  :P
[right][post="111240"][/post][/right][/quote]

:mellow:


















:angry2:

bastard

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